Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Achilles Heel over-Reliance on Technology as a Weak Essays

Achilles Heel over-Reliance on Technology as a Weak Essays Achilles Heel over-Reliance on Technology as a Weak Essay Achilles Heel over-Reliance on Technology as a Weak Essay 1987Brzezinski, Richard, Polish Winged Hussar 1576-1775, Warrior Series. Oxford: Osprey Publishing Ltd. , 2006 Cockburn, Andrew, Why America Lost the War in Iraq, CounterPunch Magazine, May, 2007 counterpunch. org/andrew05192007. html Davies, Joshua, If We Run Out of Batteries, This War is Screwed. , Wired Magazine, 11. 06. 2003, wired. com/wired/archive/11. 06/battlefield_pr. html (accessed 27. 02. 2010) Gentry, John A. Doomed to Fail Americas Blind Faith in Military Technology, Parameters, Winter 02/03, comw. org/rma/fulltext/0212gentry. df (accessed 27. 02. 2010) Kagan, Frederic W. , A Dangerous Transformation, The Wall Street Journal, 12. 11. 2003, opinionjournal. com/forms/printThis. html? id=110004289 (accessed 27. 02. 2010) Libicki, Martin C. , What is Information Warfare (Washington, D. C. : Center for Advanced Concepts and Technology Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University, 1995) Int ernet sources: Military RD: Hits and Misses, http://executiveeducation. wharton. upenn. edu/wharton-aerospace-defense-report/Military-Hits-and-Misses-1008. cfm (accessed 27. 02. 2010) ttp://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Battle_of_Kircholm (accessed 27. 02. 2010, checked with the: Brzezinski, Richard, Polish Winged Hussar 1576-1775, Warrior Series. Oxford: Osprey Publishing Ltd. , 2006; Brzezinski, Richard, Polish Armies 1569–1696 (1), Men-at-Arms Series. Oxford: Osprey Publishing Ltd. , 1987 and general knowledge of Polish history) [1]From nuclear energy through jets and rockets to the Teflon frying pan and Internet – military created a need and a necessity is the mother of invention [2]Military RD: Hits and Misses, http://executiveeducation. harton. upenn. edu/wharton-aerospace-defense-report/Military-Hits-and-Misses-1008. cfm (accessed 27. 02. 2010) [3]Named after French Minister of Defense Andre Maginot, line of fortifications constructed along the French German border were designed to protect France from an invasion or to discourage Germany from attack. Over-reliance on this line lead not only to the fall of France in 1940 but probably also to the so called policy of appeasement which resulted in World War II itself [4] Kagan, Frederic W. , A Dangerous Transformation, The Wall Street Journal, 12. 1. 2003, opinionjournal. com/forms/printThis. html? id=110004289 (accessed 27. 02. 2010) [5]US Department of Defense, Joint Vision 2010, p. 16. [6] Kagan, Frederic W. , A Dangerous Transformation, The Wall Street Journal, 12. 11. 2003 opinionjournal. com/forms/printThis. html? id=110004289 (accessed 27. 02. 2010) [7]Davies, Joshua, If We Run Out of Batteries, This War is Screwed. , Wired Magazine, 11. 06. 2003, wired. com/wired/archive/11. 06/battlefield_pr. html (accessed 27. 02. 010) [8]During the operation Iraqi Freedom Americans were using exactly the same Microsoft chat like civilians – because the program is automatically assigning an ico n to the user, very often distinguished military officers were giving their soldiers orders in screen form of a big-breasted blondes or space aliens [9]Davies, Joshua, If We Run Out of Batteries, This War is Screwed. , Wired Magazine, 11. 06. 2003, wired. com/wired/archive/11. 06/battlefield_pr. html (accessed 27. 02. 2010) [10] Kagan, Frederic W. , A Dangerous Transformation, The Wall Street Journal, 12. 11. 2003, ttp://www. opinionjournal. com/forms/printThis. html? id=110004289 (accessed 27. 02. 2010) [11]Bolia, Robert S. , Overreliance on Technology: Yom Kippur Case Study, Parameters, Summer 2004 army. mil/professionalwriting/volumes/volume2/september_2004/9_04_4. html (accessed 27. 02. 2010) [12]http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Battle_of_Kircholm (accessed 27. 02. 2010) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Winged_Hussars (accessed 27. 02. 2010) [13]Breed created from the mix of fast and agile Arabian horse with strong and endure European steed were combining the best features of both species.Taking this horses out of the Polish border was forbidden under capital punishment [14]Cockburn, Andrew, Why America Lost the War in Iraq, CounterPunch Magazine, May, 2007 counterpunch. org/andrew05192007. html (accessed 27. 02.

Monday, October 21, 2019

The British Inventor and Industrial Designer Sir James Dyson

The British Inventor and Industrial Designer Sir James Dyson British industrial designer, Sir James Dyson is best known as the inventor of the Dual Cyclone bagless vacuum cleaner, which works on the principle of cyclonic separation. In laymans terms, James Dyson invented a vacuum cleaner that wouldnt lose suction as it picked up dirt, for which he received a  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹U.S. patent  in 1986 (U.S. Patent 4,593,429). James Dyson is also well known for his manufacturing company Dyson, which he founded after failing to sell his vacuum cleaner invention to the major manufacturers of vacuum cleaners. James Dysons company now outsells most of his competition. James Dysons Early Products The bagless vacuum cleaner was not Dysons first invention. In 1970, while he was still a student at Londons Royal College of Art, James Dyson co-invented the Sea Truck, with sales amounting to 500 million. The Sea Truck was a flat-hulled, high-speed watercraft that could land without a harbor or jetty. Dyson also produced: the Ballbarrow, a modified wheelbarrow with a ball replacing the wheel, the Trolleyball (also with a ball) which was a trolley that launched boats, and the land seafaring capable Wheelboat. Inventing Cyclonic Separation In the late 1970s, James Dyson began inventing cyclonic separation to create a vacuum cleaner that would not lose suction as it cleaned, inspired by his Hoover brand vacuum cleaner that kept clogging and losing suction as it cleaned. Adapting technology from the air filter in his Ballbarrow factorys spray-finishing room, and supported by his wifes art teacher salary, Dyson made 5172 prototypes to perfect his bright pink G-Force cleaner in 1983, that was first sold by catalog in Japan. (see additional images for photo) Say Goodbye to the Bag James Dyson was unable to  sell his new bagless vacuum cleaner design to an outside manufacturer or find a UK distributor as he originally intended, in part because nobody wanted to rock the huge market for replacement cleaner bags. Dyson manufactured and distributed his own product and a brilliant television advertising campaign (Say Goodbye to the Bag) that emphasized the end to replacement bags sold Dyson vacuum cleaners to consumers and sales grew. Patent Infringement However, success often leads to copycats. Other vacuum cleaner manufacturers began to market their own version of a bagless vacuum cleaner. James Dyson had to sue Hoover UK for patent infringement winning $5 million in damages. James Dysons Latest Inventions In 2005, James Dyson adapted the wheel ball technology from his Ballbarrow into a vacuum cleaner and invented the Dyson Ball. In 2006, Dyson launched the Dyson Airblade, a fast hand dryer for public bathrooms. Dysons most recent invention is a fan without external blades, the Air Multiplier. Dyson first introduced Air Multiplier technology in October 2009 offering the first real innovation in fans in more than 125 years. Dyson’s patented technology replaces fast-spinning blades and awkward grilles with loop amplifiers. Personal Life Sir James Dyson was born on May 2, 1947, in Cromer, Norfolk, England. He was one of three children, whose father was Alec Dyson. James Dyson attended Greshams School in Holt, Norfolk, from 1956 to 1965. He attended the Byam Shaw School of Art from 1965 to 1966. He attended the Royal College of Art in London from 1966 to 1970 and studied furniture and interior design. He went on to study engineering. In 1968, Dyson married Deirdre Hindmarsh, an art teacher. The couple has three children: Emily, Jacob, and Sam. In 1997, James Dyson was awarded the Prince Phillip Designers Prize. In 2000, he received the Lord Lloyd of Kilgerran Award. In 2005, he was elected as a Fellow at The Royal Academy of Engineering. He was appointed a Knight Bachelor in the New Years Honours December 2006. In 2002, Dyson set up the James Dyson Foundation to support design and engineering education among young people. Quotes I just want things to work properly.A lot of people give up when the world seems to be against them, but thats the point when you should push a little harder. I use the analogy of running a race. It seems as though you can’t carry on, but if you just get through the pain barrier, youll see the end and be okay. Often, just around the corner is where the solution will happen.

Free Essays on Jimi Hendrix

Jimi Hendrix, the greatest guitarist in rock history, revolutionized the sound of rock. In 1967, the Jimi Hendrix Experience rocked the nation with their first album, Are You Experienced?. Hendrix's life was cut short by the tragedy of drugs in 1970, when he was only twenty seven years old. In these three years the sound of rock changed greatly, and Hendrix fs guitar playing was a major influence. Jimi was born in Seattle, Washington on November 27, 1942. As a young boy, whenever the chance came, Jimi would try to play along with his R & B records. However, music was not his life long dream. At first, the army was. In the late 1950 fs, Hendrix enlisted in the 101st Airborne Division. After sustaining a back injury during a jump, he received a medical discharge. After his army career came to an abrupt end, he decided to go into the music field. By this time he had become an accomplished guitarist, and was soon to become known as the greatest guitarist ever (Stambler, pg. 290). However, he did not start out at the top. Jimi started out playing as part of the back-up for small time R & B groups. It did not take long before his work was in demand with some of the best known artists in the field, such as B.B. King, Ike and Tina Turner, Solomon Burke, Jackie Wilson, Littler Richard, Wilson Pickett, and King Curtis (Clifford, pg. 181). Using the name Jimmy James, he toured with a bunch of R & B shows, including six months as a member of James Brown fs Famous Flames (Stambler, pg. 290). At the Cafe Wha! in New York, in 1966, Hendrix decided to try singing. Jimi lucked out when a man by the name of Charles  gChas h Chandler from Eric Burdon's Animals heard him at the club and thought he was sensational. When Chas heard him again later that year, he talked Jimi into moving to England where he would really get the chance to start his career (Stambler, pg. 290). Along with Chas, Hendr... Free Essays on Jimi Hendrix Free Essays on Jimi Hendrix Jimi Hendrix The life of Jimi Hendrix is one that many people know. It was a short, inspiring, and happy life. Although his lifestyle wasn’t virtuous, his music was. He inspired music groups, such as the Beetles (McDermott 7). John Allen Hendrix was born on November 27, 1942,in Seattle, Washington. His lifestyle at a young age wasn’t good. His mother Lucille, was still a teen and his father Al, was a serviceman and they did not live together during their relationship. Jimi didn’t see his father until the age of three when his father was discharged from the army in 1945. Jimi was placed in the care of a family in Berkley, California. When Al found what had happened he traveled to Berkley retrieve his son and brought him back to Seattle. When this happened a new life began. As Jimi grew up he developed a great love for music. He received his first guitar in the summer of 1958. It was a five-dollar second-hand acoustic guitar, and in 1959 Al bought Jimi an electric guitar. In 1961 he enlisted in the United States army and in ’62 earned the "Screaming Eagles" patch for the paratroop division. He was stationed at Fort Campbell. While there he met Billy Cox, and they formed The King Casuals. After being discharged from the army, he landed in New York City. There he met Fayne Pridgeon, a major fixture in the music industry(McDermott 8). Fayne introduced him into the major music industry. Fayne got him some gigs and helped spread his name. He was a back-up guitarists and played with many of the great musicians of that time. He played for The Isley Brothers, Little Richard, and B.B King. But this wasn’t enough for Jimi. He wanted more. He wanted to be the leader and not the follower. In effort to start a major music career he left for England and said this, "It’s me, Dad. I’m in England. I’ve met some people and they’re going to make me a big star. We changed my name to J-I-M-I." In London ... Free Essays on Jimi Hendrix Jimi Hendrix, the greatest guitarist in rock history, revolutionized the sound of rock. In 1967, the Jimi Hendrix Experience rocked the nation with their first album, Are You Experienced?. Hendrix's life was cut short by the tragedy of drugs in 1970, when he was only twenty seven years old. In these three years the sound of rock changed greatly, and Hendrix fs guitar playing was a major influence. Jimi was born in Seattle, Washington on November 27, 1942. As a young boy, whenever the chance came, Jimi would try to play along with his R & B records. However, music was not his life long dream. At first, the army was. In the late 1950 fs, Hendrix enlisted in the 101st Airborne Division. After sustaining a back injury during a jump, he received a medical discharge. After his army career came to an abrupt end, he decided to go into the music field. By this time he had become an accomplished guitarist, and was soon to become known as the greatest guitarist ever (Stambler, pg. 290). However, he did not start out at the top. Jimi started out playing as part of the back-up for small time R & B groups. It did not take long before his work was in demand with some of the best known artists in the field, such as B.B. King, Ike and Tina Turner, Solomon Burke, Jackie Wilson, Littler Richard, Wilson Pickett, and King Curtis (Clifford, pg. 181). Using the name Jimmy James, he toured with a bunch of R & B shows, including six months as a member of James Brown fs Famous Flames (Stambler, pg. 290). At the Cafe Wha! in New York, in 1966, Hendrix decided to try singing. Jimi lucked out when a man by the name of Charles  gChas h Chandler from Eric Burdon's Animals heard him at the club and thought he was sensational. When Chas heard him again later that year, he talked Jimi into moving to England where he would really get the chance to start his career (Stambler, pg. 290). Along with Chas, Hendr...

Sunday, October 20, 2019

Writing Causal Argument Essay on Introduction to Gender Studies

Writing Causal Argument Essay on Introduction to Gender Studies There are many ways for a student to get his or her point across and through writing. One of the best methods happens to be through the use of a causal argumentative essay. While we believe most students know the basics for creation of an argumentative essay, some of you may just be hearing about it for the first time. A causal argumentative essay is simply an essay where the use of compelling arguments to pass your opinions across is allowed. But unlike the argumentative essay, here you are also allowed to write informally to your audience. So here are some tips on writing a compelling causal argumentative essay. Pick a position. When discussing your views on a subject matter through an essay, the first step to take is picking the side of the fence you intend to seat. Once this is done, you can easily start conducting your essay work by choosing a topic. If writing on gender studies, and you believe women studies should take on greater importance than men studies, then choose a topic that clearly states this. A great example is ‘Discussing the Role of Women’s Studies in Driving the Creation of Man Studies as an Academic Discipline.’ Here you are irrevocably stating that advances in women’s studies led to the clamor for a similar course for men. You can find similar examples in our list of 20 introduction to gender studies causal argument essay topics. Plan a winning argument. Note that a causal argument essay has given you the right to argue how you choose. Therefore, making use of salient points and relatable case studies is the best way to drive your point home. To start, you still need to structure the entire paper. Therefore using an introduction that summarises what you intend to accomplish, the essay body has to drive prove your argument and a great conclusion should round it all up. Introduce your argument in style. It is a causal argumentative essay, so take some liberties, surprise your audience and state your beliefs forcefully. An excellent introduction allows you to do all this and more. It also serves as an intro into what you intend to discuss in the preceding paragraphs of your essay. Make a case and state your case. Now you are at the point of writing the body of your essay which forms the most integral part of all your works. Here, you are charged with stating your grievances and challenging the cause of these grievances. In gender studies, coming against patriarchy using the suffrage movement is the way to go. A good conclusion can be a winning argument on its own. So why not attempt to round up your essay with hard-biting truths on what society will become if women are not equally a part of it. This leaves your reader in no position to question where your allegations lie. We have provided even more ammunition for anyone interested in writing a causal argument essay on gender studies in the article 10 facts for causal argument essay on introduction to gender studies.

Flash Fiction Definition and History

Flash Fiction Definition and History Flash fiction goes by many names, including microfiction, microstories, short-shorts, short short stories, very short stories, sudden fiction, postcard fiction and nanofiction. While it can be difficult to pinpoint an exact definition of flash fiction based on word count, consideration of several of its features can help provide clarity about this compressed form of short story. CharacteristicsofFlash Fiction Brevity.  Regardless of the specific word count, flash fiction attempts to condense a story into the fewest words possible. To look at it another way, flash fiction tries to tell the biggest, richest, most complex story possible within a certain word limit.A beginning, middle, and end.  In contrast to a vignette or reflection, most flash fiction tends to emphasize  plot. While there are certainly exceptions to this rule, telling a complete story is part of the excitement of working in this condensed form.A twist or surprise at the end.  Again, there are plenty of exceptions to this rule, but setting up expectations and then turning them upside down in a short space is one hallmark of successful flash fiction. Length There is no universal agreement about the length of flash fiction, but it is usually fewer than 1,000 words long. In general, microfiction and nanofiction tend to be extremely brief. Short short stories are a little longer and sudden fiction tends to be the longest of the short forms, all of which can be referred to by the umbrella term flash fiction. Usually, the length of flash fiction is determined by the specific book, magazine or website thats publishing the story. Esquire magazine, for example, held  a flash fiction contest in 2012 in which the word count was determined by the number of years the magazine had  been in publication. National Public Radios Three-Minute Fiction contest asks writers to submit stories that can be read in less than three minutes. While the contest does have a 600-word limit, clearly the length of reading time is more important than the number of words. Background Examples of very short stories can be found throughout history and across many cultures, but there is no question that flash fiction is currently enjoying an immense wave of popularity. Two editors who have been influential in popularizing the form are Robert Shapard and James Thomas, who began publishing their Sudden Fiction series, featuring stories of fewer than 2,000 words, in the 1980s. Since then, they have continued to publish flash fiction anthologies, including New Sudden Fiction, Flash Fiction Forward and Sudden Fiction Latino, sometimes in collaboration with other editors. Another important early player in the flash fiction movement was Jerome Stern, the director of the creative writing program at Florida State University, which inaugurated its Worlds Best Short Short Story contest in 1986. At the time, the contest challenged participants to write a complete short story in no more than 250 words, though the limit for this contest has since been raised to 500 words. Though some writers initially eyed flash fiction with skepticism, others embraced the challenge of telling a complete story in the fewest words possible, and readers responded enthusiastically. Its safe to say that flash fiction has now gained mainstream acceptance. For its July 2006 issue, for instance, O, The Oprah Magazine  commissioned flash fiction by well-known authors such as Antonya Nelson, Amy Hempel, and Stuart Dybek. Today, flash fiction contests, anthologies and websites abound. Literary journals that traditionally have published only longer stories now frequently feature works of flash fiction in their pages as well. Six-Word Stories One of the most famous examples of flash fiction, often misattributed to Ernest Hemingway, is the six-word story, For sale: baby shoes, never worn. Garson OToole at Quote Investigator has done extensive work tracing the origin of this story if youd like to learn more about it. The baby shoes story has spawned so many websites and publications devoted to six-word stories that it merits special mention here. Readers and writers have clearly been captivated by the depth of emotion hinted at by these six words. It is so sad to imagine why those baby shoes were never needed, and even sadder to imagine the stoic person who picked himself or herself up from loss and got down to the practical work of taking out a classified ad to sell the shoes. For carefully curated six-word stories, try Narrative magazine. Narrative is very selective about all the work they publish, so youll find only a handful of six-word stories there every year, but all of them resonate. For six-word nonfiction, Smith Magazine is well known for its six-word memoir collections, most notably Not Quite What I Was Planning. Purpose With its seemingly arbitrary word limits, you might be wondering what the point of flash fiction is. But when every writer works within the same constraints, whether its 79 words or 500 words, flash fiction becomes almost like a game or a sport. Rules increase creativity and showcase talent. Almost anyone with a ladder could drop a basketball through a hoop, but it takes a real athlete to dodge the competition and make a 3-point shot during a game. Likewise, the rules of flash fiction challenge writers to squeeze more meaning out of language than they might ever have thought possible, leaving readers awestruck by their accomplishments.

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Why is successful change management difficult to achieve What factors Essay

Why is successful change management difficult to achieve What factors would be most likely to lead to success - Essay Example Organizational personnel oppose the introduction of any sort of change for different reasons; change can alter the hierarchy of positions and induce fundamental shifts in the distribution of power, thus raising concerns among the already powerful workers. Change brings changes in the way work is done while the workers are accustomed to doing things in the traditional way. Changing the way they work seems odd because they are not used to it. Change can require the workers to display new set of skills that they might not already have. Every worker is educated, trained, and skilled to a certain extent and displaying skills beyond that requires further education and training. This becomes even more daunting for the workers when they have to afford the expenses of improving their skills themselves and the organization does not provide for them financially to upgrade their skills. Besides, motivating the workers is one of the most important challenges in front of the management. Within the context of an already existing system, it might be possible to keep the workers motivated. However, when change is implemented, workers come up with new concerns and develop different kinds of needs, thus making it difficult for the management to address those needs and keep a highly motivated workforce. Factors that play an important role in making change management successful in an organization include but are not limited to demonstration of the need for change to the workers, communication between management and workers, training of the workers, and the anticipated positive outcomes of change both for the workers and the organization as a whole. Management assumes the main role in making change management successful since most of these factors are under the control of management. The management should start the process of change management by briefing the workers about the need for change. This can be achieved by calling the workers upon a meeting and telling them what issues an d challenges that organization faces under the current circumstances, and what possible measures can be taken in order to help the organization deal with those challenges successfully. Many a times, management tends to assume that workers understand the organization’s challenges whereas in reality, that is not the case. Workers do need to be shown the true picture as the management sees it, so that they consent with the management that a change needs to be made. After demonstrating the need for change, management should tell the workers what changes in the hierarchy of the power distribution would be made, what technological components would be added to the present system, what skills would the workers need to display, and how they can get those skills. The management should arrange training sessions for the workers either in-house or by rendering the services of an internal trainer. It is imperative that the management upgrades the skills of the workers according to the need s of the changed system to motivate the workers to cooperate with the management in implementing the change. Finally, management needs to closely supervise the workers and resolve any interpersonal issues that are encountered because of the implementation of the change. A potential example of successful change management is British Airways. It all started with the recruitment of a new chairperson in 1981 who noticed the inefficiency of the company and the wastage of valuable resources. So he decided to restructure British Airways to make its business more profitable. The best way realized by him to achieve this was with the help of a change methodology management plan (Faucheux and Scheid,

Crude Oil Alternatives and The Future of the Transportation industry Research Paper

Crude Oil Alternatives and The Future of the Transportation industry (Trucking, Rail and Air) - Research Paper Example Historically transport has depended on animal power and then fossil fuels. The use of fossil fuels has been the human tradition for more than a century and a half now so there is little surprise that calls for change are gathering lingering discontent. The move to alternative energy systems may be slow but it is certainly steady. A number of avenues have been explored in regards to generating energy for the transportation industry. Ideas have ranged from the use of solar panels to the use of batteries in vehicles to power motion. These technologies can be seen as replacing the current transportation infrastructure altogether. However, certain other technologies such as the use of hydrogen will mean that the transportation infrastructure and principles will change but will not be replaced altogether. Another option is the merger between existing systems and newly introduced alternative technologies to create hybrid systems. These hybrid systems are currently the most viable option for changes in the transport industry. At this point in time, the transportation industry depends on one thing – an engine. All kinds of vehicles possess an engine to provide driving energy whether you talk of road vehicles, aquatic vehicles, air vehicles or space vehicles. The engine is fundamentally driven using materials that combust and in doing so provide energy. This applies equally across the board to all forms of conventionally powered vehicles. As far as changes to road vehicles are concerned, the industry has taken a large shift. In the early years of alternative energy development, the center focus remained the development of vehicles that utilized hydrogen as a fuel. This move was widely researched by leading manufacturers such as General Motors (GM), Ford, Honda, Toyota and BMW but a sustainable solution could not be found (BMW). One primary cause for the failure of this system was the need to replace the existing apparatus for fuelling while keeping costs to a mini mum. The oil based road vehicle took decades to come to a discernible form. Furthermore, a number of auxiliaries supports the oil based road vehicle in its operation. These include things such as manufacturing expertise, fuelling systems, maintenance systems etc. It was never practicable enough to realize a change in a few short years that would somehow replace the existing setup (Ghirardi, Togasaki and Seibert). Instead, the industry looked to other alternatives such as using the current hybrid systems. A hybrid system is essentially a combination of a conventional gasoline engine with a battery powered motor. The motor tends to operate in the lower driving speeds while the gasoline engine kicks in when more power is required. The road to change for road vehicles is expected to be the optimal path followed by other modes of transportation such as rail and air travel. Current attempts at alternative energy in air travel are looking at liquid hydrogen as the fuel of choice (Robertson ). However, rail transport alternative energy development is more advanced as hybrid solutions are being looked into. The rising costs of oil around the world are forcing manufacturers, retailers and operators to look for alternatives although the changes are not highly radical. In a few short years the price of crude oil has increased many fold. This trend is expected to continue as oil rich countries will control production